Predictors Bacterial Isolates, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Among Women With Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section at Amana Regional Referral Hospital from March to May 2025.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) after caesarean section are a major contributor to maternal morbidity, especially in resource-limited settings. The rise in antibiotic resistance further complicates their management.
Objective: To determine the predictors, bacterial isolates, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns among women with surgical site infections (SSI) following caesarean section at Amana Regional Referral Hospital.
Methodology: A prospective cohort study was conducted to women who underwent caesarean section. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and patient records. Wound swabs were taken from patients with suspected SSIs and analyzed using standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Statistical analysis was used to identify predictors of SSIs, with significance set at p < 0.001.
Results: The study identified key risk factors for surgical site infections (SSI), including age above 35 years (82.6%), BMI>30 (37.5%), and cesarean sections lasting more than one hour (63.3%). Staphylococcus aureus (46.7%) was the most commonly isolated pathogen, followed by coagulase-negative staphylococcus (23.3%). Among antibiotics tested, Meropenem (71.4%) and Vancomycin (57.1%) were the most effective against the isolates.
Conclusion: Surgical site infections following caesarean section at Amana Regional Referral Hospital are influenced by identifiable risk factors and are caused by a range of bacterial isolates. The study shows notable variability in antibiotic susceptibility, including resistance to commonly used drugs. These findings highlight the need for improved infection prevention practices and rational antibiotic use to reduce infection rates and improve patient outcomes.