Design of Arduino-controlled ultrasonic radar for dynamic distance measurement and hazard detection

As more industries look for intelligent sensing and real-time obstacle detection, there is a growing need for affordable radar-based monitoring. In this study, we designed and built an Arduino-controlled ultrasonic radar system that measures distance and detects hazards. The system uses an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, an Arduino UNO microcontroller, an SG90 servo motor, a buzzer module, and the Processing IDE to detect objects and scan the area in real time.
The ultrasonic sensor works by sending out sound waves and measuring how long it takes for the echoes to return from nearby objects. The Arduino UNO moves the servo motor between 0° and 180°, allowing the system to scan the environment like a radar. It sends real-time distance data to a graphical interface for visualization.
The developed design system measures the distance to obstacles at different angles and distances. The radar detected objects in the hazard zone and gave both visual and audio alerts when something got too close. The results showed that the system measured distances accurately, detected obstacles effectively, and displayed radar data clearly. Overall, the radar system provided reliable real-time hazard monitoring and quick obstacle detection.
This Arduino-controlled ultrasonic radar system is a simple, affordable, and efficient solution for intelligent sensing. Real-time visualization tools improve monitoring and can be used in robotics, autonomous navigation, industrial safety, smart surveillance, and IoT sensing.