Phytochemicals and volatile composition of Justicia carnea leaf ethanol extract
1 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Hezekiah University, Umudi, Nkwerre, Imo State, Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 20(03), 115–128
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.3.2390
Publication history:
Received on 14 October 2023; revised on 25 November 2023; accepted on 27 November 2023
Abstract:
The present study assessed the bioactive and volatile composition of Justicia carnea leaf ethanol extract. The quantitative phytochemical composition of the extracts was determined using gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) while volatile components were determined using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results obtained from the study showed that the extract is rich in a battery of pharmacologically beneficial alkaloids and flavonoid which include Spartein (9.17 μg/ml), Epihedrine (7.35 μg/ml), Narigenin (7.20 μg/ml), Phytate (6.86 μg/ml), Kaempferol (6.43 μg/ml), Dihydrocytisine (5.73 μg/ml), Sapogenin(4.42 μg/ml), Flavone (3.9 μg/ml), Anthocyanin (3.86 μg/ml), and Ribalinidine (3.37 μg/ml). Spartein, Epihedrine, Narigenin, Phytate, Kaempferol and Dihydrocytisine were the most abundant secondary metabolites of J. carnea leaf ethanol extract. GC-MS analysis identified 86 volatile bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of Justicia carnea leaf; these includes 1-Piperonyl-3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole, 1,2-Dipiperonyl-3-imino-1,2,4-triazine (3.70%), 1H-Cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa[1,2]benzene,octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-(3.74%), (E)-.beta.-Famesene,1,6,10-Dodecatriene (4.34%), Aromandendrene Bicyclo [7.2.0]undec-4-ene (6.27%), Cyclohexene, 3-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-6-methylene- (7.59%), 1-Formyl-1-piperonylhydrazine Benzene, isothiocyanato- (8.32%) and (E)-.beta.-Famesene, .beta.-Bisabolene (10.87%) as the major bioactive compounds. These compounds may contribute to the documented pharmacological activities of the plants, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties.
Keywords:
Justicia carnea; Phytochemicals; GC-MS; GC-FID; Bioactive compounds
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