Physics factor on human growth and development

Background: Growth and development are maintained primarily by genetic, hormonal, energy, environmental, and nutritional factors. Environmental factors become one of the important factors in influencing human growth and development. One of the environmental factors is the physical environment, which consists of climate/weather, sanitation, geographical conditions and others.

Purpose: Knowing the various components of physical environment factors that can affect human growth and development.

Methods: Literature review was conducted using secondary data from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria focused on studies published between 2014-2024 that explored the phsyccs factor on human growth and development. 

Result: 8 journals met the inclusion criteria and included in this review.

Conclusion: Growth is a change that is quantitative by increasing the number, size, organs, and individuals. One of the most influential factors on the rate of human growth and development is environmental factors. One of the environmental factors is the physical environment, which consists of climate/weather, sanitation, air pollution, geographical conditions, and others. In subtropical climates, spring has the highest growth rate and daylight exposure is also known to have a positive effect on human growth, then in sanitary conditions, clean sanitary conditions support the quality of nutrients which are important for human growth and development. In geographical conditions, the rate of human growth and development in highland populations tends to be slower. In addition, differences in human growth and development in different geographic states are also caused by complex factors ranging from economic differences in each geographic state, differences in resource distribution in each geographic state, etc. Meanwhile, air pollution has a role in inhibiting human growth in the fetal period, especially maternal smoking which affects the fetal genome