Obstacles in second language acquisition: Linguistic, psychological, social, cultural, and pedagogical challenges with a focus on secondary ESL Education in Sri Lanka

This review paper aims to discuss diverse issues faced by ESL learners in secondary education in Sri Lanka. Linguistic, psychological, social, and cultural factors as well as applicable practices which hinder the development of L2 are discussed in the framework of the investigation that is conducted in collaboration with the detachment of linguistics, psychology, education and applied linguistics. Such challenges are understood in the context of educational and sociocultural situations in Sri Lanka. In view of these analyses, it becomes clear that there is a great demand for specific instructional approaches, improved teacher education, and [2]es in the curriculum that will benefit learners. Using these truths, this paper discusses learner-centered strategies and elaborates on corrective measures for policymakers and educators to enhance the ESL effectiveness in Sri Lanka.