Comparative approach of the fauna diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in a stream on ferralitic soil and equatorial climate at 2 seasons in Cameroon (Central Africa)

Wilfreid Christiane Noel Betsi 1, *, Samuel Foto Menbohan 1, Nathaniel Larry Lactio 1, Yvonne Laure Tchouapi 1, Marie Anita Zemo Temgoua 1, Donald L’or Nyame Mbia 1, Serge Roger Gwos Nhiomock 1, Mathias Nwaha 1, Eric Belmond Biram A Ngon 1, 2, Jean Dzavi 1, 2, Blaise Rollinat Mboyé 3 and Moïse Nola 1

1 Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. BOX 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
2 Hydrological Research Centre, Institute of Geological and Mining Research, Yaoundé. Cameroon.
3 Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Ichthyology, Institute of Agronomic and Forestery Research, P.O.Box: 2246 Libreville, Gabon.
 
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 19(01), 254–264
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.1.0934
 
Publication history: 
Received on 10 April 2023; revised on 01 July 2023; accepted on 04 July 2023
 
Abstract: 
In order to determine the structure of benthic macroinvertebrates fauna in relation with some environmental factors, a study was carried out in the Esoa river at Nkongsamba in the Littoral region of Cameroon from January 2021 to January 2022. Physico-chemical parameters were measured according to APHA and Rodier recommendations, while benthic macroinvertebrates sampling was done out according to the multihabitat approach at a monthly frequency. The physico-chemical analyses revealed very good oxygenation of the water, a tendency of neutrality for the pH (7.79±0.8 UC) and a low and constant temperature (22.61±1.83 °C). The BMI count showed 3732 individuals, including 4 phyla, 6 classes, 14 orders and 69 families and over 80 species. Besides, the class of insects, and in particular the order of Odonata, supplanted the benthic fauna. The Esoa 2 and Esoa 3 stations recorded the highest relative abundance of BMI (37.43% and 36.99% respectively) with a predominance of pollutant taxa, notably the families of Chironomidae, Physidae, Tubificidae and Lumbricidae. On the other hand, the Esoa 1 station, with low relative abundance (25.56%), was more diversified and dominated by polluosensitive taxa, including Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera. The high values of the Sӧrensen similarity index (65.62%) showed a high faunal similarity of the Esoa 2 and Esoa 3 stations. The high values of the Shannon and Weaver diversity index (4.6 bits/ind) indicated a high diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates reflecting the good ecological status of the waters of the Esoa stream.
 
Keywords: 
Benthic macroinvertebrates; Diversity; Water quality; Esoa river
 
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Copyright information: 
Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0

 

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