Screening of ten wild fruits extracts from Cameroon’s flora for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 18(01), 781–795
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.18.2.0854
Publication history:
Received on 02 April 2023; revised on 14 May 2023; accepted on 17 May 2023
Abstract:
Background: Wild edible fruits are good source of phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. Those compounds are known for their anti-inflammatory potential. They interact with many mediators of the physiopathological pathway such as NF-kB which is at a central position in the inflammatory response in macrophages. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of ten wild edible fruits aqueous extracts.
Methods: The antioxidant potential was evaluate through the DPPH, ABTS and OH radical scavenging activity; the ferric reducing agent power and the total antioxidant capacity assessment. Also, the total phenolic and flavonoids, anthocyanins compounds and vitamin C content were assayed. For the anti-inflammatory activity, a primary macrophage culture was used. Inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), alkaline phosphatase, NADPH oxidase and 5-lipoxigenase activity was assayed.
Results: Alchornea cordifolia and Pentaclethra macrophylla extracts showed the greatest antioxidant activity respectively (Antiradical power (AP)=5.82 mol of DPPH/mg of extract and AP=5.05 mol of DPPH/mg of extract for DPPH scavenging assay); (IC50=1.62µg/ml and IC50=1.60µg/ml for ABTS radical scavenging assay); (IC50=32.67µg/ml and IC50=70.01µg/ml for OH radical scavenging assay) and (EC50=54.06µg/ml and EC50=17.46µg/ml for ferric reducing antioxidant power) with a non-significant difference with the reference compound. For the anti-inflammatory activity, firstly it has been observed that Alchornea cordifolia’s extract exhibits the greatest potential against NADPH oxidase activity inhibition (IC50=36.20µg/ml); alkaline phosphatase activation (EC50=0.27µg/ml) with non-significant difference with the reference compound. Secondly, Pentaclethra macrophylla’s extract demonstrated a high ability to inhibit NO production (IC50=5.79µg/ml) and 5-lipoxigenase (IC50=1.41µg/ml).
Conclusion: From the results obtained the assessed wild fruit extracts appears to be good sources for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant bioactive molecules. They could be beneficial for the research of new modulators for the management of inflammatory disorders.
Keywords:
Wild fruits; Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant; Cameroon
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