Uterine rupture: risk factors and prognosis

Uterine rupture is a non-surgical breach of the continuity of the myometrial wall of the uterus.Objective: identify risk factors and evaluate the prognosis of uterine rupture.This was a descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data collection over a four-year period from January 1^st, 2015 to December 31^st, 2018.We recruited all cases of uterine rupture that met our criteria and matched them to the following case.The frequency of uterine rupture was 0.77%.  The aged group from 25-34 were most represented with 69.5%. The average age was 27.1 ± 2.3 years with extremes of 15 and 47 years. The majority of patients (69%) were multiparous and one hundred and forty-five patients (72.5%) were referred.One hundred and sixty-six patients (83%) had an unscarred uterus.Inadequate use of oxytocin was inriminated in 104 cases (52%) with uterine rupture (p=0.02). Fetopelvic disproportion was found in 32% (p=0.002).The uterine rupture was complete in 76.5% of case. Suturing of uterus tear was done in 85.5%. Twenty-nine patients (14.5%) had a hysterectomy. Blood transfusion was performed in 78%. Anemia was the most common complication with 67.5% .Nineteen maternal deaths (9.5%) were recorded. One hundred and seventy-two fetuses (86%) were stillborn.Conclusion: This study shows that the main risk factors are a history of cesarean section, multiparity, and young age.