The effect of moderate intensity exercise on increasing bone density
1 Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
2 Post graduate Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
3 Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
4 Post graduate Student, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
5 Under graduate Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
6 Postgraduate Program of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
7 Oral Medicine and Periodontology Departement, Thamar (Dhamar) University, Yemen.
Review Article
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2024, 23(01), 1325–1334
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2104
Publication history:
Received on 01 June 2024; revised on 15 July 2024; accepted on 17 July 2024
Abstract:
Background: Bone is one of body hard tissue, consist of basic matrix substances and mineral salts which are dynamic due to the process of resorptions and remodeling as a form of metabolism. As a result of this process, maintaining bone density becomes important because it is closely related to bone strength. Exercise is a physical stressor that can affect bone composition, especially bone density if done with a certain intensity and frequency. High physical activity places a mechanical load on muscles and bones which can trigger an osteogenic stimulus. Moderate intensity exercise is an exercise with 10-20 minutes duration and can increase heart rate until 60-79% during and after exercise. It’s an intensity that is safe for everyone to do and can trigger bone remodeling activities.
Objective: To evaluate the results of research regarding the effect of moderate intensity exercise on increasing bone mass density.
Discussion: When a person does moderate intensity exercise, there will be activation of mechanoreceptors in the bones as a result of increased muscle contraction activity. It will inhibit osteocyte apoptosis and increase osteoblast production. In addition, ATP production from muscles during exercise can trigger the mineralization process of osteoblasts. The osteogenic effect that exercise has on bone density is influenced by various other factors, such as genetics, gender, physical activity habits, and nutritional intake.
Conclusion: There is an increase in bone mass density after moderate intensity exercise.
Keywords:
Moderate intensity exercise; Bone; Bone mass density; Good health and well being
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