1 Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
2 Centre of Statistics and Applications, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
3 Scientific Research Institute Bento da Rocha Cabral, Portugal.
4 Faculty of Economy and Management, University of the Azores, Portugal.
5 Centre of Applied Economics Studies of the Atlantic, University of the Azores, Portugal.
6 Nautical School Infante D. Henrique, Portugal.
7 Higher Institute of Administration and Finance, Angolan Investment Bank BAI Academy, Angola.
8 Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Zambeze, Mozambique
* Corresponding Author
ORCID Details
Dinis Pestana: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8999-1354
Maria Luísa Rocha: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9966-2271
Fernando Sequeira: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9388-1123
António Oliveira: https://orcid.org/ 0009-0003-0480-3038
Neto Pascoal: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-4345-8017
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2026, 31(03), 1030–1059
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2026.31.3.2372
Received on 24 July 2026; revised on 10 September 2026; accepted on 12 September 2026
A case study in Statistical Quality Control highlights the relevance of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for In-Control/Out-of-Control diagnosis. Suspicious data probability patterns are computed and assessed through confusion matrices and (mis)classification performance metrics, showing how pattern contributions influence average false discoveries and false omissions. These findings support the effectiveness of the monitoring strategy in balancing the risks of unnecessary process interruptions against overlooked anomalies. Daily scoring and 15-period moving averages are also examined, establishing the prognostic value of 0-upcrossings in moving averages as reliable indicators of impending process halts.
Statistical Quality Control; Performance Metrics; Confusion Matrix; Scores; Moving Averages
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Dinis Pestana, Maria Luísa Rocha, Fernando Sequeira, António Oliveira and Neto Pascoal. STATISTICAL QUALITY IN-CONTROL/OUT-OF-CONTROL FORECASTING USING SCORES AND UPCROSSINGS. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2026, 31(03), 1030–1059. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2026.31.3.2372