Primary well-differentiated liposarcoma of the breast: A case report

Primary liposarcoma of the breast is an uncommon mesenchymal malignancy contributing less than 0.3% to the overall number of mammary sarcomas . To this end, we report the case of a 53-year-old female with an enlarging, painless breast mass. After extensive local excision (lumpectomy), histopathologic findings were a multinodular fatty mass, multivacuolated lipoblasts with scalloped hyperchromatic nuclei. Diagnosis was supported by intensive immunohistochemical nuclear expression of MDM2, ruling out metaplastic carcinoma and malignant phyllodes tumors. The case highlights the clinical challenges in the diagnosis of rare breast sarcomas and underscores the potential for breast-conserving surgery with established oncological margins since R0 resection remains the major determinant of long-term prognosis.
The aim of this case report is to draw attention to the diagnostic difficulties posed by primary breast liposarcoma and to underline the value of immunohistochemical markers, particularly MDM2, in distinguishing this rare malignancy from benign adipocytic lesions and other breast tumors.