Knowledge level and its impact on therapeutic adherence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A cross-sectional study

Background: Therapeutic adherence is a key determinant of clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patient knowledge of disease mechanisms and treatment strategies plays a crucial role in adherence, yet remains insufficiently explored.
Aim: To assess the level of disease-related knowledge among patients with IBD and evaluate its association with therapeutic adherence and health-related behaviors.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including 120 patients with IBD using a structured anonymous questionnaire. Knowledge was assessed through a self-reported Likert scale (1–5) and objective questions regarding disease characteristics and treatment goals. Therapeutic adherence was evaluated based on self-reported behavior, and patient responses during disease flares were analyzed.
Results: The mean perceived knowledge score was 3.2/5, indicating a moderate level of understanding. Only 31% of patients had a complete understanding of treatment objectives, while 25% had no clear knowledge. Misconceptions persisted, with 19% believing IBD to be infectious and 12% unaware of its chronic nature.
Therapeutic adherence was reported as consistent in 81% of patients, whereas 19% reported irregular adherence. A strong association was observed between knowledge and adherence: 85% of patients with good knowledge were adherent compared to only 33% among those with low knowledge. During disease flares, 75% of patients consulted their physician, while 25% initially sought alternative information sources.
Conclusion: Higher levels of disease-related knowledge are associated with improved therapeutic adherence in IBD. Persistent misconceptions highlight the need for structured and targeted educational interventions to optimize long-term disease management.