Assessment food insecurity levels among household’s farmers in Garsila locality of Central Darfur State-Sudan

Food security exist when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. This study was carried out in Garsila locality of Central Darfur State during 2021/2022 cropping season. The required primary data regarding crops were collected via questionnaires to represent the households ‘heads in the target area. Secondary information were collected from relevant institutions. Statistical analysis results revealed that 89% of respondents were educated and 11% were illiterate. Analysis also stated that 56% of households were farmers, 16% farmers/traders, 8% employers and 18% employers/farmers. Age/year was 46.3 with standard deviation of 12.20995, while average farm size was 7 feddan. Results also indicated that the household’s annual income was SDG 194221, while the annual expenditures on food and nonfood items were SDG 1,542104. Millet and sorghum availability with respect to adequate and inadequate, was 11%, 89% and 7% and 93%, respectively. According to food accessibility, households access to only 3 and 4 sacks of millet and sorghum in the cropping rainy season, while remaining 6 to 8 months purchasing and suffering. The Household Economy approach results showed that, the weekly average food needs costs/year by household was recorded to SDG 1375661. However the kilo calories needed for food security per person per day was SDG 2069. With reference to food security level which indicates 2100 minimum calories per person per day, the study founded that households’ in Garsila locality were moderately food insecure.
Study recommended, development and distribution of climate-resilient adapted improved seed varieties, conservation tillage and integrated pest management to boost yields.