Severe hand trauma: Clinical profile, surgical management and functional outcomes: A Retrospective Study of 24 Cases

Background: Severe hand trauma is a complex surgical emergency involving simultaneous damage to bone, tendon, vascular, nerve, and skin structures. These injuries disproportionately affect young working-age adults and carry major functional and socioeconomic consequences.
Objectives: To analyze the epidemiological profile, clinical features, surgical strategies, and functional outcomes, and to explore the correlation between anatomical injury severity (MHISS) and perceived functional disability (Quick-DASH).
Methods: Retrospective study of 24 patients with MHISS > 50 treated at CHU Ibn Rochd between 2020 and 2023. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Quick-DASH score. Correlation analyses used Pearson and Spearman coefficients.
Results: All 24 patients were male (mean age: 34 years). Major trauma (MHISS > 100) was found in 83.33% of cases. Leading etiologies: occupational accidents and stab assaults (34.8% each), road traffic accidents (30.4%). Amputations: 45.8%. Mean Quick-DASH: 73.4/100 (severe disability in 71.4%). Strong significant correlation: Pearson r = 0.776, Spearman ρ = 0.767 (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Severe hand trauma results in major functional disability closely correlated with anatomical severity. Early multidisciplinary management, structured rehabilitation, and targeted occupational prevention are essential to improving outcomes.