Characterization of the production and of the parameters of breeding ducks in the area of peri-urban N'Djamena

The study aimed to characterize duck production and identify reproductive parameter in the peri-urban area of n'djamena, chad. A cross-sectional and retrospective survey was conducted during the months of January and February 2022 among 212 producers selected at random from the 19 villages in the study area. The results showed that this breeding is mainly in the hands of men (70%). These breeders are married (86%), aged on average 42 ± 0.96 years and educated for the most part (75.48). They have practiced duck farming for an average of 11.08 ± 0.52 years and are mainly farmers (61.32%). The duck is the highest poultry species (99%) in this area with an average number of 16.11 ± 1.04 heads. The free-range farming method is adopted by almost all breeders (97%). The objective of breeding is dirty and self-consumption (88.21%). The ducks' diet is based on cereals, kitchen residues and cereal bran (66.5%). The ducklings are weaned at 2.08 ± 0.045 months and are bred at 6.6 ± 0.09 months. The ducks have an average of 2.40 ± 0.39 laying cycles per year with an average of 13.05 ± 0.13 eggs per clutch. The average hatching rate is 84.59 ± 0.60. The main constraints mentioned by 86.32% of breeders are diseases, food and lack of attention. The diseases that plague livestock have various symptoms with only one appearance per year (81.34%), leaving the majority of producers defenseless, of whom only 14% practice medical prophylaxis. In view of the constraints to its breeding mentioned by the breeders and sti still traditional practice, this production records acceptable parameters of reproduction which could be improved by supervisory actions for better productivity for the benefit of the breeders.