Analysis of Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Incidence in Premenopausal Women at Bahteramas Regional General Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi Province, 2025

Breast cancer is a major health problem for women around the world. Based on data from the global observatory center, there were more than 408,661 new cases and nearly 242,099 deaths in Indonesia in 2022. At the Bahteramas Regional General Hospital in Southeast Sulawesi Province, breast cancer as a cause of death continues to increase every year. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for breast cancer in premenopausal women at the Bahteramas Regional General Hospital in Southeast Sulawesi Province in 2025. The research design was an observational analytical epidemiology with a case-control study design using a matching procedure. The results of the analysis of the significant effect of age at menarche obtained an OR value of 5.5 (lower limit = 1.200 and upper limit = 51.065). The history of breastfeeding obtained an OR value of 5.0 (lower limit = 1.065 and upper limit = 46.932 OR). The age at first birth obtained an OR value of 1.6 (lower limit = 0.324, upper limit = 10.732). Reproductive history obtained an OR value of 1.0 (lower limit = 0.133 and upper limit = 7.466). The history of hormonal contraceptive use on the incidence of breast cancer after age matching obtained an OR value of 4.5 (lower limit = 1.482 and upper limit = 18.279). Based on multivariate analysis, it was found that breastfeeding history had an OR value of 10.7 (lower limit = 1.837732, upper limit 62.83065) and hormonal contraceptive use history had an OR value (lower limit = 2.077331, upper limit = 27.12047). The conclusion is that age at menarche, breastfeeding history, and history of hormonal contraceptive use are risk factors for breast cancer. Meanwhile, age at first birth and reproductive history are not risk factors for breast cancer. The most influential factor is breastfeeding history.