Prognostic Factors of Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia

Objective: This study aims to identify and determine the association between prognostic factors and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Method: This was an analytical case-control study conducted over a 6-month period (August 2020 to February 2021) in the COVID-19 intensive care unit of HMMV. The study included all patients with a positive COVID-19 PCR test who were admitted to intensive care for a severe form of the disease.

Results: During the study period, 300 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit. The average age of the patients was 67 ± 11 years, and 217 were men (72.3%), with a male-to-female ratio (M/F) of 2.61. The majority of patients had medical comorbidities, dominated mainly by diabetes (35.7%). ORc (95% CI) for age was 1.23 (1.09-1.40), for sex 1.051 (0.77-1.42), for diabetes 1.91 (1.33-2.72), for hypertension (HTA) 1.27 (0.92-1.76), for obesity 1.45 (1.02-2.06), for cardiovascular diseases 1.040 (0.98-2.32), for asthma 1.21 (0.39-3.70), for COPD 0.88 (0.35-2.16), for CKD 1.64 (0.56-4.78), for neoplastic pathologies 1.21 (0.39-3.70), and for hypothyroidism 1.23 (0.44-3.46). With logistic regression analysis, the ORa for age was 2.73 (1.47-5.086) and for diabetes was 2.55 (1.34-4.85).

Conclusion: In this study identifying prognostic factors for mortality, it appears that age and diabetes are the epidemiological factors associated with mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumopathy.