External locus of control and perceived stress in times of crisis: A study of sub-saharan immigrants with irregular status in Morocco during the COVID-19 pandemic

This study investigates the impact of external locus of control on perceived stress among undocumented sub-Saharan immigrants in Morocco during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using a quantitative design, data were collected from 514 participants residing in Fez between 2021 and 2023. Two dimensions of external locus of control were measured: belief in a powerful other (P) and belief in chance (C), alongside perceived stress. Results indicate that most participants reported high levels of perceived stress. Correlation analyses revealed strong positive associations between external locus of control (both P and C dimensions) and perceived stress. These findings support the hypothesis that external control beliefs may constitute a psychological vulnerability factor in times of crisis. The data are interpreted in light of perceived control theory and vulnerability models within migration contexts.