In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Mirablis jalapa and Costus igneus

A protective immunological reaction to irritations, infections, or tissue damage is inflammation. It includes vascular permeability, elevated blood flow, production of signalling chemicals like cytokines and histamine. Enzymes that cause different illnesses can be released when lysosomal membranes lyse during inflammation. By blocking these enzymes or maintaining membrane stability, NSAIDs assist medications like methylprednisolone, diclofenac, aspirin, indomethacin, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, and Hydrocortisone. Traditional medicine has utilised plants like Costus igneus and Mirabilis jalapa to treat a variety of illnesses. β-sitosterol, β-amyrin are found in Mirabilis jalapa and Costus igneus give it anti-inflammatory qualities respectively.

Method: The leaves of Mirabilis jalapa and Costus igneus were extracted using methanol, and a phytochemical screening was performed. The human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method and heat-induced haemolysis were employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of Costus igneus and Mirabilis jalapa. The evaluation was conducted at varying concentrations (40, 80, and 100 ug/ml), and the activity was noted in a dose-dependent way. 

Result and discussion: With the use of HRBC membrane stabilization method, the percentage protection was discovered to be 70%, 78%, and 81%, respectively. Additionally, the heat-induced haemolysis approach yielded 72%, 76%, and 79%, respectively. The HRBC membrane stabilization approach provides 86% protection for the standard aspirin (100 ug/ml), while heat-induced haemolysis provides 82% protection.

Conclusion: The bioactive components are associated with their traditional and pharmaceutical application in the management of inflammation, it can be concluded. Both plants have strong anti-inflammatory properties.