Sternal Metastasis in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma: An Atypical Presentation
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolic diseases and Nutrition, Mohammed VI university hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco.
Case Study
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 20(02), 478–481
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.2.2291
Publication history:
Received on 29 September 2023; revised on 05 November 2023; accepted on 09 November 2023
Abstract:
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma (FTC), the second most common type of thyroid cancer, accounts for 10-20% of thyroid cancers, primarily affecting individuals over 40, and it tends to spread hematogenously to various organs. It often metastasizes to the lungs (49%) and bones (7-28%), including the spine, pelvis, skull, long bones, and rarely, the sternum. Metastatic FTC carries a poor prognosis, with a 3-21% ten-year survival rate when bone metastases are present. Sternal metastasis from thyroid carcinoma is exceptionally rare and significantly impacts prognosis.
In this article, we present an unusual case of a 65-year-old patient who presented with a year-long compressive goiter. Examination revealed a firm, painless nodular goiter and a sternal mass. Tests showed a low TSH, normal T4, and thyroid nodules. Following thyroidectomy, a 7cm vesicular thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed. Sternal metastasis was confirmed through biopsy. The patient underwent sternal mass excision, responded well, and was referred for radioactive iodine therapy.
Treatment options for metastases in FTC include surgery, radioactive iodine therapy and radiation. Surgical removal of metastases is crucial in such cases, as it can enhance the effectiveness of subsequent treatments and improve patient outcomes. This comprehensive management approach can offer a better quality of life and extended survival for patients facing this uncommon but challenging situation.
Keywords:
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma; Sternal Metastasis; Total Thyroidectomy; Radioactive Iodine Therapy; Distant Metastases; Surgical Intervention
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