Prevalence of maxillary sinus pneumatization in partially or totally edentulous patients according to the Carl Misch classification, diagnosed by CBCT in a private radiology center in the city of Cuenca, 2021 - 2022

Doménica S Ortiz Banegas 1, *, Katherine C Quizhpe Albarracín 1 and Mario E Calderón Calle 2

1 Dentist graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca, Ecuador.
2 Implantologist and professor at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca, Ecuador.
 
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 23(02), 2028–2025
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.2.2555
 
Publication history: 
Received on 13 July 2024; revised on 21 August 2024; accepted on 23 August 2024
 
Abstract: 
The maxillary sinus is the largest of the paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the maxillary bone. Its pneumatization process is part of its growth and development. After tooth loss, osteoclastic activity begins in Schneider's membrane, which causes the maxillary sinuses to increase in size, a situation that complicates prosthetic rehabilitation and implant placement.
Objective: To determine the degree of pneumatic sinus pneumatization based on Carl Misch's classification in partial or edentulous patients treated in a private radiology center in the city of Cuenca diagnosed by CBCT in 2021-2022.
Methodology: Study of observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional types. Seventy-three cone-beam tomographic studies of total and partially edentulous patients considering the area from canines to second molars were examined, based on Carl Misch's classification, to determine the degree of pneumatization and the depth of the maxillary sinus.
Results: grade III pneumatization was the most prevalent in 43.41% of the total 129 maxillary sinuses evaluated, a grade IV was mostly in total edentulous (17.05%), and partial edentulous a grade III was more predominant (27.13%).
Conclusion: The relationship between the degree of pneumatization and the depth of the maxillary sinus was evident, determining that there is a relationship between the loss of dental pieces and the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, and these results can help plan surgical procedures and to take into account possible complications in patients with a higher degree of pneumatization.
 
Keywords: 
Pneumatization; Maxillary sinus; Totally edentulous; Partially edentulous
 
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