Phytochemical characterization and antimicrobial studies on four folklore medicinal plants in Semi-Arid Region of Borno State, Nigeria
1 Dept of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Wolverhampton, United Kingdom/Biotechnology Centre, University of Maiduguri, Borno State.
2 Dept of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
3 National Research Institute for Chemical Technology (NARICT, Kano Out station), Kano State, Nigeria.
4 Dept. of Biological sciences, Fac. of science, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi state, Nigeria.
5 Dept. of Biological sciences, Yobe State University Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria.
6 College of Health and Technology Maiduguri/ Centre for Biotechnology, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
7 National Biotechnology Development Agency (Bioresources Unit) & Biotechnology Centre, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2020, 07(01), 001-006
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2020.7.1.0050
Publication history:
Received on 23 February 2020; revised on 05 July 2020; accepted on 06 July 2020
Abstract:
Crude leave extracts of four folklore medicinal plants were subjected to phytochemical screening and antimicrobial assays against microbial pathogens using well diffusion method. The preliminary phytochemical investigation of the crude leave extracts of four folklore consists of Neem, Moringa, Jatropha and Balanites revealed that there is present of bioactive phytocomponents with potential antimicrobial ingredients when Soxhlet extraction was performed using different solvents (Hexane, Chloroform, Methanol, acetone and Ethyl acetate). The crude extracts showed significant antimicrobial activities against all microbial pathogens screened with highest activity in methanol and chloroform extracts of alkaloids as phytocomponents. While highest activity was recorded in methanol and chloroform extracts, faintly in ethyl acetate extracts using phenolics Phytochemical. Whereas, microbial activities was moderately present in chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts using steroids and reducing sugars phytocomponents respectively. Whereas, the antimicrobial activities against pathogens revealed remarkable sensitivity with prominent zone of inhibitions with ranging from 14mm to 26mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 10mm to 24mm in streptococcus species using extracts from chloroform, ethyl acetate, Hexane and methanol extracts. Likewise, moderate zone of inhibition ranging from 14mm to 17mm was recorded in Staphalococcus aureus, 10mm to 17mm was recorded in P. pyogene and 10mm to 16mm in Escherichia coli respectively. Whereas weak zone of inhibition ranging from 10 mm to 12 mm was obtained against streptococcus mutans. The bioactive ingredients of those with antimicrobial activities are screened and recommended that more research work be conducted to explore their bioactive components for formulation into appropriate dosage as potential antibiotics for the treatment of infectious diseases in the study area.
Keywords:
Folklore, Phytochemical, Characterization, Antimicrobial studies, Semi-arid, Borno state, Nigeria
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