Physical exercise, nutrition, and mental health: A detailed look at the psychological and physiological benefits

Mental health is one of the essential pillars for human well-being, especially in the face of the growing number of mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, which affect people in different age groups. In this context, physical exercise has been widely studied for its positive effects on mental health, proving to be an important tool in both the prevention and management of these disorders. This study reviews the main scientific evidence that points to the benefits of physical exercise, highlighting the most effective modalities, such as aerobic exercise and strength training. In addition, research explores the biological mechanisms underlying these benefits, such as the release of neurotransmitters that improve mood and reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms. The review also discusses how exercise can contribute to the promotion of psychological well-being, improving quality of life, emotional balance, and the ability to cope with stress, as well as providing greater neuroplasticity and protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. Based on the studies found, it is proposed that physical exercise should be considered an accessible and effective practice in the context of interventions to improve mental health.