1 University of Yaoundé 1, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Research Unit, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
2 Technical Higher Training School, Department of Agriculture, Ebolowa, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon.
3 University of Douala, Faculty of science, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Douala, Cameroon.
4 Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 11(02), 020-030
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.2.0318
Received on 07 June 2021; revised on 27 July 2021; accepted on 30 July 2021
Asian rust caused by Phakopsora pachirhizi, which is a major constraint to production of soybean, causing 90% yield losses in field. Synthetic fungicides used to control this disease are environmentally degrading and have negative impact on the health of producers and consumers. The use of resistant soybean genotypes can be an effective control alternative. The aim of this work is to evaluate the tolerance of soybean varieties to Asian rust disease under natural conditions. Forty-three soybean varieties were screened using a completely randomized block design with three replicate. Incidence and severity of disease at 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing (WAS) and yields were evaluated. Results show that disease incidence of Asian rust was significantly higher in the local variety R3 (16.67%; 29.63%; 75.93%) at 6, 8 and 10 WAS respectively. At 6 and 8 WAS severity of disease was higher in local variety R3 (21.17% and 24.14% respectively). The variety TGX-2010-12F has the highest yield (1.17 t ha-1) than the local variety R3 (0.17 t ha-1). Principal component analysis realized with incidence, severity of disease at 6, 8, 10 WAS and yield shows that 12 varieties are highly susceptible to Asian rust, 12 varieties are moderately resistant, and 19 varieties are susceptible. This study shows that Asian rust attacks all soybean varieties in the field. Moderately resistant varieties, can be advised to growers with appropriate protection methods or be subject to varietal improvement through genetic techniques.
Screening; Varieties; Asian rust; Resistance; Glycine max; Yield
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Fabrice Christian Gbaporo Gbaporo, Alain Heu, Serge Bertrand Mboussi, Patrice Zemko Ngatsi, William Norbert Tueguem Kuate, Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida, Stephane Kamtchoum and Zachée Ambang. Performance of soybean genotypes (Glycine Max L.) against Asian rust (Phakopsora Pachyrhizi Syd.) in Cameroon. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 11(2), 020-030. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.2.0318