Parasocial relationships, self-esteem, and identity formation in young adults

With the rise of digital media, the prevalence of parasocial relationships (PSRs) in young adults has increased, having potential implications for self-esteem and identity formation. This study examines the relationships among parasocial relationships, self-esteem, and identity formation in young adults aged 18–25 years. A quantitative correlational design was employed. The data were collected from 291 participants through standardized measures, including the Celebrity Persona Parasocial Interaction Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Social and Personal Identities Scale. Results indicated a significant negative relationship between parasocial relationships and self-esteem, as well as between parasocial relationships and identity formation. A significant positive relationship was established between self-esteem and identity formation. These findings suggest that higher parasocial engagement may be linked to lower self-esteem and less consolidated identity development. The study highlights the psychological relevance of mediated relationships in understanding youth development within the Indian context.