Investigation of the feasibility and efficiency of implementing carbon capture and storage technologies in downstream facilities: To mitigate greenhouse gas emissions
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
5 Department of Environmental Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
6 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas, USA.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 24(02), 1004–1016
Publication history:
Received on 01 October 2024; revised on 09 November 2024; accepted on 11 November 2024
Abstract:
This research work investigates the feasibility and efficiency of implementing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technologies in Downstream Equipment such as in refining and processing, distribution and marketing, petrochemical production and retail sales as ways to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Considering the world is in urgent need to cut the emissions of greenhouse gases in order to deal with the challenge of climate change. Most mitigations have targeted carbon dioxide (CO₂), because it is the major agent in global warming. The research focuses on three primary CCS techniques: post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, and oxy-fuel combustion. These technologies are unique because they stand out as the only technologies that permit the continued use of fossil fuel powered sources while reducing the amount of CO₂ from these sources. Post-combustion method is best suited for retrofitting existing power plants, its challenges of energy and operation costs would be addressed if there is advancement in chemistry solvent, process efficiency and integration with renewable sources. Pre-combustion method Capture CO2 with 90% efficiency and produces hydrogen as a clean fuel, its viable for new-build plants. Oxy-fuel combustion simplifies CO₂ capture by producing a pure CO₂ stream, also ideal for newly installed facilities. This research also discovered CCS applications in enhancing oil recovery, industries decarbonization, and limiting emissions in sectors necessary for CCS. High costs, infrastructure requirements, and regulatory needs, are few challenges. Each technology fits different need, but their economic viability would be to balance the cost, efficiency and suitability to existing or new installed facilities
Keywords:
Post-combustion; Pre-combustion; Oxy-Fuel combustion; Chemistry solvent; Retrofitting; Downstream; Greenhouse gas.
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Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0