Insulin-induced lipohypertrophy and factors affecting it in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Review of the literature from the past 12 years: An appraisal and extension to adult subjects
1 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via Val Cannuta, 247, I-00166, Italy.
2 Research Department of Nefrocenter Research, Via XXV Lulio 160, Cava de Tirreni, I-84013 (Salerno), Italy.
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Via Pansini, 5 - I-80131 Naples, Italy.
4 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Piazza Roma,22 I-60121 Ancon, Italy.
Review Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 17(01), 596-604
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0074
Publication history:
Received on 04 December 2022; revised on 19 January 2023; accepted on 21 January 2023
Abstract:
Our research group has dealt with injection-induced lip hypertrophy (IILH) in insulin-treated subjects for over a decade, focusing on causes and consequences, education, prevention and treatment, comorbidities, and related complications. Stimulated by an excellent Review that recently appeared on the pages of this Journal, we want to contribute insight into IILH. This brief Commentary underlines some key concepts on how to identify, prevent and cure them, pointing out salient aspects derived from our research to provide the scientific community with an as complete as possible overview of evidence-based knowledge and highlight the need for further experimental insights.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus; Insulin injection; Injection technique; Lipodystrophy; Lipohypertrophy
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Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0