Implementation of leadership style to improve the quality of health services in hospitals: Literature review

Hospitals are health care institutions or agencies that organize comprehensive individual health services by providing inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. The organization of the hospital is expected to provide affordable, quality health services, and optimal results to obtain high quality health service results. Achieving good hospital service quality can be achieved through good team performance as well. In the preparation of good team performance, it is necessary to choose the right leadership style in an organization. The organization in achieving its goals requires the function and role of the leader. The purpose of this study was to identify the implementation of leadership styles that can improve the quality of health services in hospitals. The method of research in this study is a qualitative research design with a literature study. Articles were searched through three data sources, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords "leadership style" AND "hospital quality". The articles used were published in the last five years, from 2019 to 2023. The study was limited to quantitative and qualitative research methods, but there were no restrictions on specific regions or countries. The results of the study found that the leadership style used can improve the quality of health services in hospitals. The quality of human resource performance is one of the main factors in improving the quality of service in hospitals. There are many leadership styles implemented in hospitals, including democratic, transformational, transactional, authentic, and directive leadership styles. The application of leadership styles must be adjusted to the conditions of the team members.