Immunohistochemical characterization of KS cases seen in Nnewi Anambra state using HHV-8 LNA1 and HIV-1P24 antibodies
1 Department of Anatomic Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra state, Nigeria.
2 School of Nursing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi.
3 Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complexes (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 11(03), 120–126
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.3.0436
Publication history:
Received on 06 August 2021; revised on 10 September 2021; accepted on 12 September 2021
Abstract:
Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is of public health significance in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria, especially in the era of HIV/AIDS. Several works have been done on the prevalence and patterns of KS both in Nigeria and other parts of Africa, with a reported significant prevalence. We employed immunohistochemistry to characterise the morphologic KS cases seen in Nnewi.
Materials and Methods: The Formalin Fixed, Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks of all haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) diagnosed cases of KS seen in the archives of histopathology facilities in Nnewi, Anambra State over 15 year period were retrieved. Fresh sections were made from the tissue blocks of the 82 cases that met the inclusion criteria for the study, and were subjected to immunohistochemistry using HHV-8 LNA1 (Human Herpes Virus-8 Latent nuclear antigen1) and HIV-1p24 antibodies and reviewed.
Results: A total of 82 KS cases were studied, 69 of which were confirmed KS cases on immunohistochemistry. KS accounted for 1.20% and 14.47% of solid malignancies and sarcomas respectively. Nearly 80% of these were HIV/AIDS-associated, 59.3% of which occurred in females. KS occurred more in the third decade with an age range of 7-74years.
Conclusion: KS is quite common in our environment and is largely HIV/AIDS associated. Reducing the burden of HIV/AIDS will invariably reduce KS burden.
Keywords:
Analysis; HHV8 LNA-1; HIV-1p24; Immunohistochemistry; Kaposi Sarcoma
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