Global AI regulation and its impact on technology business: A comparative legal framework analysis

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are reshaping the global economic landscape and redefining the operational frameworks of modern enterprises. As governments attempt to regulate the societal and ethical consequences of AI, technology businesses are confronted with increasing complexity in navigating disparate regulatory regimes. This paper investigates the intersection of AI regulatory frameworks and the strategic behavior of technology firms, emphasizing comparative legal structures in the European Union, United States, China, and selected smaller jurisdictions including Canada, Singapore, and Brazil. Using doctrinal legal analysis and a case study approach, we examine the influence of AI regulation on market access, innovation trajectories, legal compliance mechanisms, and firm-level competitiveness. Our findings indicate that regulatory heterogeneity introduces both systemic risk and sectoral opportunity. We argue that strategic compliance and early regulatory alignment are essential for firms aiming to sustain global scalability while minimizing legal exposure. The paper concludes by advocating for cross-border policy convergence through the establishment of interoperable legal standards and proposes a multi-tiered compliance framework adaptable to firms of varying sizes and sectors.