Effectiveness of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, 0yo State, Nigeria
1 Department of Nursing Science, Bowen University, Iwo. Osun State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Clinical Nursing, University College Hospital, Ibadan. Oyo State. Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 09(02), 134-140
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.2.0057
Publication history:
Received on 15 January 2021; revised on 17 February 2021; accepted on 19 February 2021
Abstract:
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the most significant route of HIV infection in children. Over 90% of HIV infections in children are acquired through the mother-to-child transmission route. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV interventions. It employed a retrospective approach. Records of HIV positive pregnant women who registered and received ANC between January 1st 2015 to December 31st 2018 and HIV exposed infants followed-up for 6 weeks until HIV status was determined by DNA polymerase chain reaction techniques were collected and analysed. 87 pregnant women were HIV positive during the 4 years period, among these group, only 80 had their babies followed up till 6 weeks to determine HIV status by DNA polymerase chain reaction. There were three set of twins making a total of 83 exposed infants. The overall MTCT rate was 4.8%, maternal and infant ART was found to have significant influence on mother to child transmission of HIV with χ2=41.41, P<0.001 and χ2=34.554, P<0.001 respectively. Mode of delivery and infant feeding practice were statistically not significantly related to mother to child transmission of HIV with χ2=3.92, P=0.41 and χ2=1.859, P=0.173 respectively. Though this facility achieved the goal of reducing the rate of HIV mother to child transmission down to less than 5%, there is still need to strengthen service provision and follow up to conform to global plan for the elimination of new HIV infections among children.
Keywords:
Antiretroviral therapy; Effectiveness; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Mother to child transmission; Prevention of mother to child transmission
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