Home
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews
International Journal with High Impact Factor for fast publication of Research and Review articles

Main navigation

  • Home
    • Journal Information
    • Editorial Board Members
    • Reviewer Panel
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Journal Policies
    • Our CrossMark Policy
    • Publication Ethics
    • Issue in Progress
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Article processing fee
    • Track Manuscript Status
    • Get Publication Certificate
    • Join Editorial Board
    • Join Reviewer Panel
  • Contact us
  • Downloads

eISSN: 2581-9615 || CODEN: WJARAI || Impact Factor 8.2 ||  CrossRef DOI

Research and review articles are invited for publication in March 2026 (Volume 29, Issue 3) Submit manuscript

The effect of n-hexane as co-solvent in direct trans esterification of Spirulina platensis using microwave

Breadcrumb

  • Home
  • The effect of n-hexane as co-solvent in direct trans esterification of Spirulina platensis using microwave

Ummu Kalsum 1, Ahmad Roesyadi 2, Mahfud Mahfud 2, Mahmuddin 3 and Lamatinulu 4, *

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia.
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia.
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia.
4 Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Makassar, Indonesia.
 
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2022, 16(03), 741-746
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1407
DOI url: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1407
 
Received on 12 November 2022; revised on 21 December 2022; accepted on 24 December 2022
 
The addition of co-solvent on in situ trans esterification was considered as one of method to improve the extractive process and increase in yield of biodiesel from microalgae. In this study, in situ trans esterification with co-solvent using microwave was studied for improving performance of in situ trans esterification from microalgae. The biodiesel produced from this method was compared with the in situ trans esterification without co-solvent addition. In the optimal reaction conditions (ratio of microalgae to methanol 1:15 w /v; 30 ml of co-solvent and 30 % of H2SO4) at 50 min of reaction time, yield of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) produced was 81.04 % compared to only 75,246 % methyl ester produced by in situ trans esterification without co-solvents. The Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Analysis showed the methyl ester profile was a Medium Chain Fatty Acid, MCFA and the largest fatty acid component was dominated by Saturated Fatty Acid, SAFA.
 
Co-solvent; Biodiesel; Microwave; Spirulina platensis 
 
https://wjarr.com/sites/default/files/fulltext_pdf/WJARR-2022-1407.pdf

Preview Article PDF

Ummu Kalsum, Ahmad Roesyadi, Mahfud Mahfud, Mahmuddin and Lamatinulu. The effect of n-hexane as co-solvent in direct trans esterification of Spirulina platensis using microwave. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2022, 16(3), 741-746. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1407

Copyright © Author(s). All rights reserved. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source, a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated.

All statements, opinions, and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s). The journal, editors, reviewers, and publisher disclaim any responsibility or liability for the content, including accuracy, completeness, or any consequences arising from its use.

Get Certificates

Get Publication Certificate

Download LoA

Check Corssref DOI details

Issue details

Issue Cover Page

Editorial Board

Table of content

Copyright © 2026 World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews - All rights reserved

Developed & Designed by VS Infosolution