Demographic and clinical characteristics of central nervous system congenital anomalies: A one year review of cases managed at UDUTH Sokoto
Regional Centre for Neurosurgery Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 20(01), 929-933
Publication history:
Received on 21 August 2023; revised on 11 October 2023; accepted on 13 October 2023
Abstract:
Background: The spectrum of CNS congenital anomalies varies from one geographical location to another across the globe. This essentially can be solitary or multiple and can be cranial, spinal, combination of both cranial and spinal or others. The understanding of their distribution in each location could determine local workforce and facility needs and as well guide in the areas of sub specialization.
Objective: The aim of this study is to document the pattern of CNS congenital anomalies cases that had surgical intervention, at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto.
Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective hospital based study from January, 2021 to December, 2021 of all patients with CNS congenital anomalies who had surgical intervention at the Neurosurgery Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Results: A total of 49 cases presented to our facility and had surgical interventions for central nervous system congenital anomaly. Of those 49 cases with CNS Congenital anomalies, there were 25 (51.0%) males and 24(48.98%) females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.04: 1. The median age was 185 days, with age range of 2– 364days. Overall, the most commonly diagnosed neurosurgical CNS congenital anomalies in order of decreasing frequency were Congenital hydrocephalus 20 (40.82%), Myelomeningocele 14 (28.57%), Encephalocele 10 (20.41%), combination of Hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele 8(16.33%), Meningocele 3(6.12%), Lipomeningocele 1( 2.00%), Dandy walker malformation 1( 2.00%) , and Dandy variant1(2.00%) .
Conclusions: NTDs (Myelomeningocele, Meningocele and lipomeningocele) were the most common CNS anomalies (55.10%). However, congenital hydrocephalus, Myelomeningocele, Encephalocele, Hydrocephalus + MM, and Meningocele are common in our environment in decreasing frequency. Though, Lipomeningocele, Dandy walker malformation and dandy variant are relatively rare. Understanding of this distribution may guide service expansion and workforce needs, inspire sub specialization as well as direct research and government policy in this community.
Keywords:
Central nervous system; Congenital anomalies; Congenital hydrocephalus; Encephalocele; Myelomeningocele
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Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0