Deconstructing gender stereotypes in Philippine media: A critical discourse analysis of representation and portrayal of women in selected television dramas

This study critically examines the representation and portrayal of women in selected Philippine television dramas through a critical discourse analysis (CDA) framework. The findings reveal that gender stereotypes remain pervasive, with women frequently depicted in traditional roles such as caregivers or homemakers, limiting their agency and autonomy. Objectification of female characters is common, with a significant proportion portrayed through sexualized imagery or subordinated dialogue. Leadership roles and empowered portrayals are scarce, reflecting broader societal inequalities. However, instances of progressive representation, where women challenge traditional gender norms by assuming assertive or professional roles, have begun to emerge in newer narratives. These portrayals are instrumental in reshaping societal attitudes and fostering discussions on gender equality. Intersectional analysis highlights the lack of representation for women from diverse backgrounds, including ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual. The “+” represents all the other identities that are not included in the acronym, such as: pansexual, agender, non-binary, gender fluid, allies of the community, and genderqueer) communities, and women with disabilities, underscoring gaps in inclusivity. This study emphasizes the media's dual role in both perpetuating and challenging societal norms, advocating for intentional storytelling and inclusive practices by media practitioners. Recommendations include fostering subtle portrayals, encouraging diverse representation, and implementing policies to dismantle harmful stereotypes in Philippine media.