Critical overload and reinforcement needs: A prospective study of the Boma electrical distribution network by 2028

The city of Boma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is experiencing demographic and urban growth that has not been matched by adequate development of its electrical network. The current grid, dating back to 1972, suffers from critical overloading of MV/LV substations, leading to frequent load shedding and unequal electricity supply between the city center and peripheral neighborhoods. This article proposes an energy planning methodology for the 2028 horizon, based on load rate analysis, demand forecasting, and infrastructure sizing. The results indicate an average global load rate of 143.5 %, far exceeding the 80 % standard set by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). To meet future demand, the installation of 42 MV/LV transformers of 630 kVA and a 15 MVA substation is recommended, representing an estimated investment of USD 14.5 million. This planning strategy aims to ensure a more reliable, equitable, and resilient electricity distribution across the entire urban area.