Comparative profile of glyphosate residues in cowpea grains sold in the municipal and satellite towns of Abuja, Nigeria
1 Chemistry Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex Abuja, Nigeria
2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja, Nigeria
3 Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja, PMB 117.Abuja, Nigeria
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 19(01), 1233–1245
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.1.1308
Publication history:
Received on 20 May 2023; revised on 16 July 2023; accepted on 19 July 2023
Abstract:
The profile of glyphosate residues in cowpea grains sold in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja (FCT), Nigeria was assessed using high performance liquid chromatography.
Methods: Thirty-three cowpea grains samples of red and white morphotype were collected from some selected markets within the FCT, Abuja. Analytical methods on the pulverized cowpea grains included dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using acetonitrile/water (55:45) as mobile phase, sample clean up and their quantification by HPLC/UV as described by AOAC - QuEChERS method.
Results: The percentage recoveries of the GLY pesticide standard were found to be acceptable at 90.01-101% with limits of detection pesticides standard were 0.011mgkg-1 and limits of quantification from 0.022 mgkg-1 and regression correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.987332.
The results showed that the mean concentration of glyphosate in the cowpea grains ranged from 0.11-44.32 ± 0.001 mgkg_1 with a mean glyphosate concentration of 6.280 mgkg-1 was detected. Six samples representing 18.18% of the samples collected violated WHO/FAO CODEX standard of 15.0 mgkg-1. Comparative studies between municipal and satellite markets revealed that GLY concentration residue was highest and lowest in K’WB (44.32 mg/kg) and K’IB (0.11 mg/kg) respectively while values recorded for Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for all the samples were within an acceptable limit of 0.1mgkg-1. Heath risk index values were <1 suggesting that the consumer populations were not at risk.
Conclusion: The high profile of glyphosate residue in cowpea grains from Karimu and Abaji Area Councils of the FCT is of great concern and needed to be further investigated.
Keywords:
Cowpea grains; Contamination; Residue; Herbicide; Health hazard; Human exposure; Nigeria
Full text article in PDF:
Copyright information:
Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0