1 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 23(03), 1777–1787
Received on 29 July 2024; revised on 11 September 2024; accepted on 14 September 2024
Background: Alpha-cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient can be employed as a binding agent in tablet formulation. Cassava peels husk are waste agricultural material and is being investigated for its α-cellulose for use in oral solid pharmaceutical formulation.
Purpose: The objective of this study is to extract α-cellulose from cassava peels agro-industrial waste using a standard method, subject the extracted cassava peels cellulose and determine its phytochemical and physicochemical properties of formulated granules of paracetamol.
Methods: Alpha-cellulose from cassava peel was extracted using alkali method. The fresh peels were prepared, milled into slurry and de-watered to obtain a coarse wet material, dried, milled and sieved to obtain very fine powdered particles. Phytochemical analysis and characterization of extracted α-cellulose powder were determined. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron micrographs (SEM), and x-ray diffractogram (XRD) analysis of extracted cassava peel cellulose were done. Paracetamol granules was prepared by wet granulation using varying concentrations of the binders.
Results: DSC and XRD results revealed a semi-crystalline material with amorphous and crystalline regions. while the SEM showed a lumpy structure and reticular shape.
Pre-compression evaluations of the formulated batches of paracetamol granules showed that cassava peels cellulose (CPC) have similar flow properties with those of microcrystalline cellulose BP (MCC) and acacia BP (ACA) powders respectively. The granules have free flow properties with average angles of repose (CPC ≤ 27.60 MCC < 26.90 and ACA ≤ 25.60), compressibility index (CPC ≤ 25, MCC ≤ 23 and ACA ≤ 21.7%), Hausner’s ratio (CPC ≤ 1.32, MCC ≤ 1.31, and ACA ≤ 1.27) respectively.
Conclusion: The extracted cassava peel α-cellulose was found ideal as pharmaceutical excipient binder in oral solid dosage forms.
Manihot esculenta; α-Cellulose; Binder; Tablet; Acacia; Wet granulation, Microcrystalline, Acacia.
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Ebhodaghe Augustine EBOSELE, Johnbull Aiwaguore OBARISIAGBON, Alebiowu GBENGA, Tunde OWOLABI and Collins Ovenseri AIREMWEN. Characterization of extracted alpha cellulose from Manihot esculenta (cassava) peels as formulation aid for paracetamol tablet. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 23(3), 1777-1787. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.3.2744