Assessment of water shortage in underground aquifer in Abuja during dry season
1 National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA), Nigeria.
2 African Regional Centre for Space and Technology Education-English (ARCSSRTE-E), Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 21(03), 1175–1184
Publication history:
Received on 16 January 2024; revised on 28 February 2024; accepted on 02 March 2024
Abstract:
Water shortage is a complex issue with severe implications for human well-being, agriculture, and ecosystems. Climate change, population growth, and inadequate water management practices contribute to this global problem. This study is to identify the causes of ground water scarcity and determine groundwater potential zones in the Abuja community. The research area's borehole coordinates, Landsat 8 satellite imagery, AsterDEM 30m resolution DEM data, and vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were all used to do this. Unsupervised classification of Landsat imagery was used to create a layer of land use and cover, image filtering techniques were used to improve the visualization of lineament extraction, and density analysis was used to quantify lineament density. AsterDEM data was subjected to surface analysis to acquire elevation data, while VES data were interpolated to produce spatial distributions of the resistivity and thickness parameters. To identify groundwater potential zones, multiple criterion analysis using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) was utilized to reclassify variables such as land use, elevation, lineament density, resistivity, and thickness. To create the zones, these characteristics were weighted and layered. According to the findings, resistivity levels varied from 6.25 m to 676 m, and the geologic ground structure's thickness ranged from 0.27 m to 92.37 m. Elevation varied from 41 meters to 720 meters, while lineament density ranged from 0 to 0.04. 74% of the land was categorized as vegetated, 21% as built up, 2.7% as water bodies, and 2.3% as rock formations. Within Abuja, zones of groundwater potential were identified as being very low (5%), low (26.7%), marginally high (26.3%), moderately high (28.5%), and very high (13.4%)
Keywords:
Groundwater Scarcity; Groundwater Potential; Lineament Density; AHP; DEM; VES Data
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