Analysis of the impact of hospitalization on fat mass index in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital

Introduction: Indonesia ranks fifth among countries or regions with the highest number of adults (20–79 years old) living with diabetes in 2021, with 19.5 million diagnosed cases and 14.3 million undiagnosed cases among the total population (IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition, 2021). Malnutrition is a common problem encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is frequently observed in hospitalized patients and can have serious implications for the healing process, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Ultimately, this condition can result in prolonged hospitalization and higher healthcare costs.

Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with a longitudinal design involving hospitalized patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Universitas Airlangga Hospital. Sample collection was conducted using the consecutive sampling method, yielding a total of 27 eligible participants. The study was conducted from June to July 2024. The variables analyzed in this study are fat mass as the dependent variable and hospitalization as the independent variable. Data collection involved medical records and fat mass measurements obtained through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using TANITA BC-730.

Result: The paired sample t-test results showed a significance value of >0.05 for the variable fat mass. This indicates that fat mass did not exhibit significant differences after hospitalization. 

Conclusion: Fat mass in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga did not show significant differences after hospitalization.