Analysis of the effect of temperature and relative humidity on spring wheat as recorded by dataloggers installed within the crop in southern Sonora, Mexico

The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of temperature and relative humidity on spring durum wheat cultivar CIRNO C2008 as recorded by dataloggers (DL) installed within the crop in five commercial fields in southern, Sonora, Mexico, during the crop season fall-winter 2021-2022. The minimum (MINTT) (≤ 4 °C) and maximum thermal threshold (MAXTT) levels (≥ 33 °C), relative humidity (RH) (≥ 90%), and cold units (CU) (≤ 10 °C), were compared between DL and weather stations (WS) closest to the sensors. DL recorded greater number of MINTT periods from February 03 and MAXTT from March 14, and the MINTT periods were longer than those recorded by WS. With regard to the MAXTT, DL recorded 5 periods in fields located in block (B) 703 and Mocorua, two in B-2036, and one in B-2324. The main period of MINTT detected by WS was March 09 to 10. These WS did not record any continuous periods of MAXTT. The total accumulation of CU quantified in the fields with DL and with WS were: B-2036/B-1936 = 846 and 566, B-2324/B-2328 = 851 and 718, B-2814/B-2918 = 870 and 773, Mocorua/Sahuaral = 885 and 696, and B-703/B-609 = 955 and 743, respectively. DL recorded an average of 182 (21.6%) more CU than WS. DL began the recording of cold units from December 7 while WS from December 18. The daily accumulation of continuous hours with > 90% RH, had a significant difference between WS and DL. The WS in B-2918 recorded 277 more hours than the DL in B-2814, and the WS located in Sahuaral recorded 138 more hours than the DL in Morocua. However, DL in B-2036, B-703, and B-2324, recorded 539, 375, and 73 more hours with > 90% than their respective WS.