Acute kidney injury due to perioperative rhabdomyolysis during meningioma surgery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to perioperative rhabdomyolysis is a rare but severe complication that can occur during prolonged surgical procedures, especially in patients with predisposing factors such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. This case report describes a 40-year-old woman with a history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes and obesity, who developed AKI following a 10-hour meningioma surgery. During the operation, she received low-dose anesthetic agents, including propofol and rocuronium. Postoperatively, she developed oliguric acute kidney injury, accompanied by hyperkalemia and elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and myoglobin levels, confirming rhabdomyolysis. The patient was managed with daily dialysis, resulting in gradual urine clearance, improved renal function, and resolution of muscle damage markers. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, prevention, and management of rhabdomyolysis in the perioperative setting, particularly in high-risk patients, to prevent severe complications like AKI.