Caffeinated hot beverage consumption and their caffeine contents and health related problems
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 18(01), 1139–1155
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2023.18.1.0684
Publication history:
Received on 07 March 2023; revised on 22 April 2023; accepted on 25 April 2023
Abstract:
Background: Caffeinated beverages include coffee, tea, hot chocolate, soft drinks, and energy drinks. The main active ingredient in caffeinated beverages is caffeine. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to determine the caffeine contents of the most popular caffeinated hot beverages and their related health problems.
Methods: This cross sectional study accrued out a number of café to collect caffeinated hot beverages for determine their caffeine contents by analytical methods. The next second part of this study was done through predesigned questionnaire to study the most consumed beverages and health problems related hot caffeinated beverages consumption. The data was analysis by Chi-square or T test at α<0.05 for statistical differences.
Results: The intake volume of one cup of Espesial hot beverages has mean ± SD 87.6±3.7 ml, Espresso 27±7 ml, green tea 138.33±6 ml, red tea 129.3 ± 14 ml, Nescafe 114.33±17ml and coffee 132±34 ml. Similarly, has been estimated for volume intake of homemade hot beverages and found that mean± SD for coffee, cacao and red tea 58.4±6 ml, 61.7±4 ml, and 57.6±7 ml respectively. Green tea contains an averages caffeine 16.5%, red tea 21.9%, cacao 10.4%, Nescafé 32.2%, Expresso 207.3%, Espesial 50.3%, coffee 132.6% and homemade coffee 102.3%. The total volume intake of caffeine based on the type of cup volume purchased form the café shown that the real intake of caffeine in the beverages were as following 23g/138.33 ml drinkable green tea, 28.5g/129.3 ml drinkable red tea, 6.5g/61.7 ml drinkable cacao, 29g/129.3 ml drinkable Nescafe, 56g/27 ml drinkable Expresso, 44g/87.6 ml drinkable Espesial, 175g/132ml drinkable coffee and 60g/58.4 ml drinkable homemade coffee. This result further shown that, highest caffeine intake was found in Expresso (56g/27 ml), coffee (175g/132ml) and homemade coffee (60g/58.4 ml) while the other hot beverage have least amount of caffeine was that cacao 6.5g/61.7ml, and almost similar amounts of caffeine found in green tea, red tea and Nescafe (about 29g/130 ml for each) and the moderate levels of caffeine found in Expresso, 44g/87.6 ml. The symptoms and complication have been reported by one third of the participants were insomnia, nervousness, headache. The positive effect of caffeine intake reported was improved in mood.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that, some caffeinated hot beverages contain higher amounts of caffeine and the people should be aware for such products to avoid the negative or positive effect of caffeine.
Keywords:
Hot drink; Caffeine; Health problems; Mood; Caffeinated products
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