Study on Early Prostate Cancer Antigen (EPCA) and existent risk factors of prostate cancer, Sudan: A case-control study
1 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.
2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.
4 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.
Research Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 17(03), 736–746
Publication history:
Received on 10 February 2023; revised on 16 March 2023; accepted on 19 March 2023
Abstract:
Background: Early prostate cancer antigen (EPCA), a nuclear matrix protein, has recently been recommended as a hopeful biomarker for early prostate carcinogenesis.
Objectives: To evaluate the validity of serum early prostate cancer antigen (EPCA) in the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and the characteristics of Sudanese patients diagnosed with prostate cancer.
Method: In this study, seventy men were considered as a case subject, who were diagnosed as cancer prostate at Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery (GHRDS), Sudan during the period February 2018 to July 2019. Randomly selected sixty patients of BPH patients and forty-five apparently healthy men as controls group. EPCA, and PSA estimations were performed from serum samples using the principle of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
Results: There was significant association between age, family history, residence, unhealthy habits, education, BMI, occupations and prostate cancer, results also revealed a significant elevation between the means of the serum levels of both early prostate cancer antigen and prostate specific antigen of the patients with prostate cancer when compared with the control groups. EPCA biomarker offered the best performance statically (P= 0.00) and highest specificity (81%) and sensitivity (94%) in prostate cancer detection in Sudanese males over PSA biomarker.
Conclusions: Cases of studied prostate cancer linked to many risk factors. Serum levels of early prostate cancer antigen and prostate specific antigen were significantly increased in patients with prostate cancer, however, our data proposed that EPCA has higher power statistical value, so could be utilized as a prostate cancer specific and sensitive biomarker for early detection of prostate cancer.
Keywords:
EPCA; PSA; Prostate Cancer; Sudan
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Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0