Meta-analysis study: Risk analysis of eating habits, smoking habits, physical activity, and stress on the incidence of hypertension in Indonesia
1 Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
2 Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Review Article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 22(01), 1633–1644
Publication history:
Received on 07 March 2024; revised on 20 April 2024; accepted on 22 April 2024
Abstract:
Hypertension which is included in the class of non-communicable diseases, is a condition where systolic and diastolic blood pressure exceeds the limit. The blood pressure limit is 140/90 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). This meta-analysis study aims to analyze the relationship between risk factors for hypertension in Indonesia, which is limited to eating habits, smoking habits, physical activity, and stress. This study used the meta-analysis method by collecting 52 previous research articles. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using JASP (Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program) software. The results of the meta-analysis study showed that the risk factors of eating habits had a value of 9,583 times greater, smoking habits 2,857 times greater, physical activity 3,896 times greater, and stress 4,349 times greater to develop hypertension. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the most influential factor for hypertension is eating habits, while the least influential factor is smoking habits.
Keywords:
Hypertension; Eating Habits; Smoking Habits; Physical Activity; Stress
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